Videonystagmography (VNG) testing

Through cutting-edge diagnostic procedures like videonystagmography (VNG) testing, our audiology experts can help you find the underlying cause of any hearing problems. The VNG test provides valuable insights into inner ear function, uncovers the cause of vertigo or dizziness and discovers inflammation of the vestibular nerve, which relays information about motion and position to the brain.

Understanding videonystagmography testing

A VNG test is a procedure used to evaluate and assess the functioning of the vestibular system, which is responsible for your balance, motion and spatial orientation. It typically takes an hour to perform.

The vestibular system is in the inner ear and helps maintain your balance by detecting changes in head movement and transmitting signals to the brain.

During a VNG test, video goggles equipped with infrared cameras are used to record and analyze eye movements. The test typically involves various components, such as caloric testing, ocular-motor testing and positional testing.

• Caloric testing: This involves the introduction of warm and cool air or water into the ear canal to stimulate the inner ear and assess its responsiveness.
• Ocular-motor testing: This evaluates eye movements in response to visual stimuli, tracking the eyes' ability to focus and move accurately.
• Positional testing: Patients are placed in various positions to provoke specific eye movements, helping to identify abnormalities related to changes in head position.

The results of a VNG test provide valuable information about the health of the inner ear and can aid in diagnosing various conditions that affect balance.

Videonystagmography for inner ear balance

VNG is particularly effective for testing inner ear balance due to its ability to capture and analyze eye movements in response to various stimuli.

VNG utilizes advanced technology to precisely record and measure eye movements. This accuracy is crucial for evaluating the subtle and rapid eye movements associated with inner ear function.

One component of VNG involves caloric testing. This specific test is valuable for diagnosing conditions such as benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV).

VNG testing also helps differentiate between central and peripheral vestibular disorders. Central disorders involve the brain or central nervous system, while peripheral disorders affect the inner ear. The ability to make this distinction is critical for accurate diagnosis and targeted treatment.

Another benefit of VNG testing is that it provides objective measurements of eye movements, reducing the reliance on subjective descriptions of symptoms. This objectivity enhances the diagnostic process and allows for a more precise understanding of the patient's vestibular health.

Why you would need a videonystagmography test

Your doctor may recommend a VNG test If you are experiencing symptoms like dizziness or vertigo.

Other reasons a VNG test may be recommended by your provider:

• Involuntary eye movements, known as nystagmus
• Meniere's disease
• Inflammation of the vestibular nerve in the inner ear

Understanding the specific symptoms you're experiencing and discussing them with your doctor will help determine whether a VNG test is appropriate for your situation.

How to prepare for a VNG test

Discuss any medications you are taking with your doctor before having a VNG test, including antibiotics, anti-depressants, allergy medications, narcotics or sedatives. These medications can influence the test and give false responses.

Other tips for ensuring your test results are accurate include:

• Avoid wearing makeup, especially mascara
• Clean your ears thoroughly
• Don’t wear contact lenses, but bring your glasses or contact solution if needed
• Avoid solid foods for two hours before the test
• Avoid caffeine or alcohol prior to testing

Interpreting videonystagmography results

A VNG can help with diagnosing several inner ear disorders, including:

• Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV): This is the most common cause of vertigo in adults. With this condition, you feel a spinning sensation when you move your head in certain ways.
• Meniere's disease: This disorder causes vertigo, hearing loss, tinnitus (ringing in the ears), and a full feeling in your ears. It happens when too much fluid builds up in the inner ear.
• Labyrinthitis: This balance disorder happens if parts of your inner ear become irritated and inflamed (swollen), usually from a cold or flu.
• Vestibular neuritis: This is irritation and inflammation (swelling) of the vestibular nerve that carries signals from your inner ear to your brain.
• Vestibular schwannoma: Also known as acoustic neuroma, this is a noncancerous tumor which develops on the nerves involved with hearing and balance and can cause hearing loss or dizziness

Videonystagmography testing at Advocate Health Care

Advocate Health Care’s team of audiologists hold credentials from the Division of Specialized Care for Children (DSCC) and Early Intervention (EI). We will guide you through your VNR test and ensure your comfort and understanding from your referral to your diagnosis.